Artificial Reefs

Artificial reefs, quite simply defined, are "one or more objects of natural or human origin deployed purposefully on the seafloor to influences physical, biological, or socioeconomic processes related to living marine resources" (Seaman, 2000). However their use, spanning centuries from the Romans to present day, has been anything but simple; ranging from natural barricades for blocking pirate ships to attracting fish to promoting diving industries to improving water quality. The material used to create artificial reefs has also been broad, extending from warships to trolley cars to oil structures to even a commercial passenger jet.

Download the pdf to learn about the history, benefits and bureaucracies behind artificial reefs.

Artificial Reefs pdf